Pain in Sickle Cell Disease (Sickle Cell Anemia)
References:
Guideline for the management of acute and chronic pain in sickle cell disease (Clinical practice guideline; no. 1). Glenview (IL): American Pain Society; 1999.
Hoffman R, Benz, EJ, editors. Hematology: Basic Principles and Practice, 3rd edition. New York: Churchill-Livingston; 2000. p. 524.
The Management of Sickle Cell Disease. National Institutes of Health National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. NIH pub. 02-2117 revised June 2002. Available from: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/prof/blood/sickle/sc_mngt.pdf.
Marx, JA, Hockberger, RS, et al., editors. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice, 5th ed. St Louis: Mosby; 2002. p. 1678-79.
Nathan, DG, Orkin, SH, et al., editors. Nathan and Oski’s Hematology of Infancy and Childhood, 5th ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders; 1998. p. 789-90 and 1732-33.
Stinson J, Naser B. Pain management in children with sickle cell disease. Paediatr Drugs. 2003;5(4):229-41.
Thomas JE, Koshy M, Patterson L, Dorn L, Thomas K. Management of pain in sickle cell disease using biofeedback therapy: a preliminary study. Biofeedback Self Regul. 1984 Dec;9(4):413-20.
Wang WC, Helms RW, Lynn HS, et al. Effect of hydroxyurea on growth in children with sickle cell anemia: results of the HUG-KIDS Study. J Pediatr. 2002 Feb;140(2):225-9.
West DC, Romano PS, Azari R, Rudominer A, Holman M, Sandhu S. Impact of environmental tobacco smoke on children with sickle cell disease. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2003 Dec;157(12):1197-201.
Yaster M, Kost-Byerly S, Maxwell L. The management of pain in sickle cell disease. Pediatr Clin North Am 2000 Jun;47(3):699-710
Written and compiled by Kyla Boyse, R.N. and Brendan P. Kelly, M.D. Reviewed by Andrew D. Campbell, M.D.
Updated May 2009
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