1.5 micrometer (radius) scattering 15 micrometer (radius) scattering Air Resonance radius 1.5 = 2.1 MHz Air Resonance radius 15 = 210 kHz (typical capillary contrastor) (brain tissue contrast agent) ________________________________________________________________________ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . For a gas with c = 343 m/s (air) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (hard sphere in air) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ka = 1 gives f = 36 MHz ka = 1 gives f = 3.6 MHz ka = 2 gives f = 73 MHz ka = 2 gives f = 7.3 MHz ------------------------------- ------------------------------- ka = 5 gives f = 180 MHz ka = 5 gives f = 18 MHz ------------------------------- ------------------------------- ka = 10 gives f = 360 MHz ka = 10 gives f = 36 MHz 1 MHz gives ka = 0.027 1 MHz gives ka = 0.27 2 MHz gives ka = 0.055 2 MHz gives ka = 0.55 ------------------------------- ------------------------------- 10 MHz gives ka = 0.27 10 MHz gives ka = 2.7 ------------------------------- ------------------------------- 100 MHz gives ka = 2.7 100 MHz gives ka = 27 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ========================================================================= ============= For a fluid with c = 1500 m/s (water) ================= ============= (for an air bubble in water) ================ ========================================================================= ka = 1 gives f = 160 MHz ka = 1 gives f = 16 MHz ka = 2 gives f = 320 MHz ka = 2 gives f = 32 MHz ------------------------------- ------------------------------- ka = 5 gives f = 800 MHz ka = 5 gives f = 80 MHz ------------------------------- ------------------------------- ka = 10 gives f = 1,600 MHz ka = 10 gives f = 160 MHz 1 MHz gives ka = 0.0063 1 MHz gives ka = 0.063 2 MHz gives ka = 0.013 2 MHz gives ka = 0.13 ------------------------------- ------------------------------- 10 MHz gives ka = 0.063 10 MHz gives ka = 0.63 ------------------------------- ------------------------------- 100 MHz gives ka = 0.63 100 MHz gives ka = 6.3 ka_i = 2 pi (radius in microns) (freq in MHz) / (c in meters/sec) f_i = (c in meters/sec) (ka) / 2 pi (radius in microns) ka = (2 pi / wavelength in microns) * (radius in microns)