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| Apex Area - Supine, Listening with the bell of stethoscope | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Normal S1 S2 | Split S1 | Mid-Systolic Click | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Normal | ![]() |
Normal | ![]() |
Mitral Valve Prolapse | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Early Systolic Murmur | Mid-Systolic Murmur | Late Systolic Murmur | Holosystolic Murmur | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Acute Mitral Regurgitation | ![]() |
Mitral Regurgitation due to CAD (Coronary Artery Disease) |
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Mitral Regurgitation due to MVP (Mitral Valve Prolapse) | ![]() |
Classic
Mitral Regurgitation |
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| Apex Area - Left Ducubitus, Listening with the bell of stethoscope | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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S4 Gallop | S3 Gallop | Systolic Click with Late Systolic Murmur | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Left Ventricular Hypertrophy | ![]() |
Both Normal and Cardiomyopathy | ![]() |
Mitral Valve Prolapse with Mitral Regurgitation | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| S4 and Mid-Systolic Murmur | S3 and Holosystolic Murmur | Mitral Opening Snap and Diastolic Murmur | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Ischemic Cardiomyopathy with Mitral Regurgitation | ![]() |
Dilated Cardiomyopathy with Mitral Regurgitation | ![]() |
Mitral Stenosis | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Aortic Area - Sitting, Listening with the bell of stethoscope | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Normal S1 S2 | Systolic Murmur with Absent S2 | Early Diastolic Murmur | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Supine Normal |
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Severe Aortic Stenosis | ![]() |
Aortic Regurgitation | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Systolic and Diastolic Murmurs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Combined Aortic Stenosis and Regurgitation | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Pulmonic Area - Supine, Listening with the diaphragm of stethoscope | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Single S2 | Split S2 Persistent | Split S2 Transient | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Normal in Elderly | ![]() |
Complete Right Bundle Branch Block (On ECG) | ![]() |
Normal | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ejection Systolic Murmur with Transient Splitting S2 | Ejection Systolic Murmur with Persistent Split S2 and Ejection, Systolic Murmur | Ejection Systolic Murmur with Single S2 and Ejection Click | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Innocent Murmur | ![]() |
Arterial Septal Defect |
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Pulmonary Valve Stenosis | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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