Medical Gross Anatomy Surgical Videos

Orthopaedic surgery

Thorax

• Left Lung Thoracoscopy: A lesion in the left lung is removed with a thoracoscopic approach. Visible anatomy includes the intercostal muscles and neurovascular bundles, the diaphragm, and the heart.
• Right Lung Thoracoscopy: A cancerous lesion in the right lung is removed with a thoracoscopic approach. Visible anatomy includes the heart, azygos vein, sympathetic trunk, esophagus, and trachea.
• Left Pneumonectomy: The entire left lung is removed in this patient with lung cancer. Visible anatomy includes the pulmonary arteries and veins, bronchi, and the aorta. The latissimus dorsi, serratus anterior, and trapezius muscles are also visible as they are transected to access the chest cavity.
• Sternotomy: Sternotomy for removal of a thymic mass.
• Bronchoscopy: Full bronchoscopic evaluation of the right lung, with evidence of obstruction of the left main bronchus.
• Esophageal Replacement in the Child with Gastric Interposition: An esophageal/gastric anastomosis is created in a child with gastric interposition.

Abdomen

• Fundoplication in a Newborn with Severe Gastroesophageal Reflux and a Large Hiatus Hernia: A 12 day newborn with severe gastric reflux and large hiatal hernia, with a large portion of the stomach in the mediastinum. Operation is performed through a left subcostal incision.
• Left Hepatic Lobectomy in an Infant for a Large Hepatoblastoma: Infant presenting with a large abdominal mass is diagnosed through CAT scan with a left hepatic hepatoblastoma. A left hepatic lobectomy was then peformed through a long left subcostal incision.
• Endoscopic Sphincterotomy with Stone Extraction: Gall stones are removed through the greater duodenal papilla by opening the orifice and using a balloon catheter.
• Central Splenorenal Shunt for Portal Hypertension and Splenomegaly in an Adolescent: A patient presenting with marked reduction in platelet count and abdominal pain is diagnosed with portal hypertension, resulting in splenomegaly. A splenectomy and addition of a splenorenal shunt is performed as treatment.
• 95% Pancreatectomy with Splenic Preservation for Nesidioblastosis: Nesidioblastosis is characterized by hyperinsulinemia and symptomatic hypoglycemia. A pancreatectomy was peformed on a three month old child with seizures, through an upper abdominal transverse incision.
• Excision of a Type 1 Choledochal Cyst: Child with jaundice and RUQ mass was diagnosed with a type 1 choledochal cyst. This video shows entry into the peritoneum through a right subcostal incision.

Pelvis

• A New Operative Technique for Ileo-Anal Reconstruction: An ileo-anal anastomosis is commonly created for patients with ulcerative colitis, or familial polyposis coli requiring proctal colectomy.
• Resection of Sacrococcygeal Teratoma in a Newborn: Female newborn presents with sacrococcygeal teratoma which is resected using bovie electrocautery to minimize blood loss.
• Cesarean Section: Cesarean delivery of a newborn.
• Total Correction of a Cloacal Anomaly: Newborn with anal atresia undergoes total correction of a cloacal anomaly with combined approach of the abdomen and perineum.
• Colovaginoplasty in 13 yr female with Testicular Feminization Syndrome: XY karyotype led to diagnosis of male pseudohermaphroditism with testicular feminization syndrome. Vaginal canal was created using a portion of the sigmoid colon.

Head & Neck

• Myringotomy: Children with recurring otitis media are treated with surgical placement of grommets in the tympanic membrane (tube placement) to facilitate proper drainage.
• Tonsilectomy and Adenoidectomy: The adenoids (pharyngeal tonsils) and palatine tonsils are removed through electrocautery.
• Fiberoptic Nasopharyngoscopy and Laryngoscopy: The pharynx and larynx are explored in the clinic environment using a fiberoptic endoscope.
• Parotidectomy: Removal of the superficial lobe is performed on a child presenting with a mass. This procedure illustrates the facial nerve as it exits the stylomastoid foramen and branches into the temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular and cervical branches.
• Tracheotomy and Laryngeal Reconstruction: A laryngoscopic evaluation is performed on a newborn with damaged vocal cords, followed by tracheotomy and laryngeal repair through a tracheal incision.

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