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Review Items - Thoracic Wall, Pleura, & Pericardium
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Review Items - Thoracic Wall, Pleura, & Pericardium |
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Landmarks and osteology:
Sternum (N185,TG4-04)Body
Manubrium
Sternal angle
Xiphoid process
Suprasternal (jugular) notch
Typical rib (N186,TG4-04,TG4-05)
Head, neck, tubercle, angle and costal groove
Costal margin
Pleura: (N241)
Visceral pleura
Parietal pleuraCostal, diaphragmatic, mediastinal, cupula, lines of pleural reflection (N211,N196,TG4-18)
Hilar reflection (N241,TG4-29)
A. Pulmonary ligament (N199,N230,N231,TG4-31,TG4-35,TG4-36)
Recesses
B. Costodiaphragmatic (N230,N231,TG4-13A,TG4-13B,TG4-15, TG4-16,TG4-17)
C. Costomediastinal (N230,N206,TG4-13A,TG4-15)
Vessels:
D. Internal thoracic a. & v. (N33,N191,TG4-08,TG4-09)
E. Pericardiacophrenic a. & v. (N194,N212,TG4-18)
F. Anterior intercostal aa. & vv. (N191,TG4-08,TG4-09)
G. Superior epigastric a. & v. (N191,TG4-08,TG4-09)
H. Musculophrenic a. & v. (N191,TG4-08,TG4-09)I. Posterior intercostal aa. & vv. (N192,TG4-10,TG4-39)
J. Left superior intercostal vein (N231,TG4-36,TG4-40)
Superior vena cava (N212,TG4-35,TG4-40)
K. Pulmonary trunk (N212,TG4-19,TG4-29)
L. & M. Left & right pulmonary aa. & vv. (N206,TG4-29)
N. Inferior vena cava (N206,N261,TG4-20,TG4-37)
Aorta (N212,TG4-37,TG4-39)
O. Ascending
P. Arch
Q. Ligamentum arteriosum (TG4-19,TG4-29)
Muscles:
R. & S. External intercostal muscle and membrane (N188,N189,TG4-08)
T. Internal intercostal muscle and membrane (membrane seen later) (N188,N254,TG4-09,TG4-10)
Innermost intercostal layer (N189,254,TG4-09,TG4-10)
U. Transversus thoracis m. (N189,TG4-09)
V. Innermost intercostal m. (N189,N254,TG4-10)Subcostalis m. (seen later) (TG4-10)
Nerves:
W. Intercostal nn. and collateral branches (N189,N254,TG4-09,TG4-10)
X. Phrenic n. (N194,N212TG4-09,TG4-18)
Y. Left vagus n. (N206,N212,TG4-19,TG4-36)
Z. Left recurrent laryngeal n. (TG4-36,TG4-45)
Mediastinum: (N231,TG4-35,TG4-36,TG4-37)
Anterior
Middle
Posterior
Pericardium:
AA. Fibrous (N211)
Serous (N212,N241,TG4-18,TG4-19)
BB. Parietal
CC. Visceral (epicardium)
Pericardial sac & cavity
DD. Oblique sinus (N212,N215,TG4-20)
EE. Transverse sinus (N215,TG4-20)
Heart:
External featuresFF. Apex (N212,TG4-19)
Base (N212,TG4-19,TG4-22)
Right (acute) & left (obtuse) margins (N212,TG4-15)
Diaphragmatic surface (N214,TG4-22)
GG. Atrioventricular (coronary) sulcus (N212)
HH. Anterior & posterior interventricular sulci (N212,N214,TG4-19)
II. & JJ. Right and left atria and auricles (N212,N214,TG4-19)
Sternocostal projections (margins, great vessels and valve positions) (N196,TG4-15,TG4-16,TG4-14)
Miscellaneous:
KK. Trachea (N206,N211,TG4-33,TG4-37)
Hilum and root of lung (N199,TG4-29)
LL. Parasternal lymph nodes (N181,TG2-11)