Review Items - Pelvic Neurovasculature

Obturator foramen, groove, and canal (N 486, 352, 358)
Greater and lesser sciatic notch (foramina) (N 486, 353, 503)
Ischial spine and tuberosity (N 486)
Sacroiliac joint (N 248, 365)
Anterior (pelvic) sacral foramina (N 157)

Ligaments:

Sacrotuberal & sacrospinal (N 352, 503)
Obturator membrane (N 351)

Muscles:

Piriformis m. (N 367, 369, 503)
Obturator internus m. (N 367, 369, 503)

Arcus tendineus levatoris ani (N 367, 369)
Pelvic diaphragm (N 367, 368, 369, 370)

Coccygeus m.

Levator ani m.

     Puborectalis m.

     Pubococcygeus

     Iliococcygeus

Urogenital hiatus

Nerves:

Sacral plexus (N 412, 497, 499)
Lumbosacral trunk

Ventral rami of S1 to S4
Sympathetic

Superior hypogastric plexus (N 409)

Hypogastric nn. (N 409)

Sacral sympathetic trunk (N 410, 412)

     Ganglia

     Gray rami communicantes

     Sacral splanchnic nn.
Parasympathetic (N 410, 412)

Pelvic splanchnic nn.
Autonomic (sympathetic and parasympathetic) (N 410, 412)

Inferior hypogastric (pelvic) plexus
Innervation of pelvic viscera (N 410, 412, 415, 416, 417)

Uterus

Vagina

Urinary bladder

Rectum & anal canal

Vessels:

Common iliac a. & v. (N 264)

External iliac a. & v. (N 264)

     Inferior epigastric (N 253, 255)

     Aberrant obturator aa.

Internal iliac a. & v. (N 264, 402, 403)

     Posterior division branches (N 402,403)

          Iliolumbar a. (N 264, 402, 403)

          Lateral sacral a. (N 264, 402, 403)

          Superior gluteal a. (N 502 , 402, 403)

     Anterior division branches (N 402, 403)

          Umbilical a. (N 402, 403)

               Superior vesical aa. (N 402, 403)

               Medial umbilical ligament (obliterated umbilical a.) (N 253, 362)

          Obturator a. (N 402, 487)

          Uterine a. (N 402, 404)

          Vaginal a. (N 402, 404)

          Middle rectal a. (N 402, 403, 398)

          Inferior gluteal a. (N 484, 402, 403)

          Internal pudendal a. (N 402, 403, 404, 405)

Clinical Terms:

Urinary stress incontinence
Iatrogenic injury to ureters
Kegel exercises