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Lecture Notes - Superficial Limbs & Posterior Shoulder
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Lecture Notes - Superficial Limbs & Posterior Shoulder |
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Superficial Structures of the Upper Limb
The streaming video of the 2004-5 lab overview is available on the web (password protected).
The computer presentation used by Dr. Gest in lecture is available on the web (password protected). You can also download the PowerPoint presentation to print or review.
Superficial Structures of the Lower Limb
- Osteology
- Humerus
- Medial & lateral epicondyles
- Ulna
- styloid process
- Radius
- styloid process
- Carpals - wrist bones
- Metacarpals - hand
- Investing Fascia
- Brachial fascia - forms arm compartments
- Antebrachial fascia - forms forearm compartments
- Cubital fascia/fossa - anterior elbow region
- Superficial Veins
- Cephalic - dorsal arch, lateral side, deltopectoral groove, into axillary vein
- Basilic - dorsal arch, medial side, pierces fascia in mid arm, joins brachial veins to form axillary vein
- Median cubital - cephalic to basilic in cubital fossa, 70%
- Cutaneous Nerves
- Lateral antebrachial cutaneous - w/ cephalic v.
- Medial antebrachial cutaneous - w/ basilic v.
- Posterior antebrachial cutaneous
- Dorsal cutaneous branch of ulnar - dorsal surface of medial 1.5 digits & hand
- Superficial branch of radial - dorsal surface of lateral 3.5 digits & hand
Posterior shoulder
- Osteology
- Ilium
- Iliac tubercle - attachment of iliotibial tract
- Post. sup. iliac spine - dimple at S2
- Femur - largest long bone
- Medial & lateral epicondyles
- Tibia
- Medial malleolus - medial ankle
- Fibula
- Lateral malleolus - lateral ankle
- Investing Fascia
- Fascia lata - envelopes thigh
- Iliotibial tract - lateral thickening, attached to lat. tibial condyle
- Saphenous opening - for greater saphenous v. & other vs.
- Crural fascia - leg fascia
- Popliteal fascia - behind knee
- Dorsal & plantar fascia of foot
- Superficial Veins
- Dorsal venous arch of foot
- Greater saphenous vein - ant. to med. malleolus, post. to med. epicondyle
- Superficial epigastric vein
- Saphenous vein cutdown
- Lesser saphenous vein - post. to lateral malleolus; drains to popliteal v.
- Perforating veins - to deep veins
- Varicose veins
- Cutaneous Nerves
- Lateral femoral cutaneous - from lumbar plexus (L2-3)
- Meralgia paresthetica - nerve compression
- Anterior femoral cutaneous brs. of femoral n.
- Posterior femoral cutaneous - from sacral plexus (S1-3); deep to fascia lata; inferior cluneal brs.; perineal br.
- Femoral branch of genitofemoral nerve - upper anteromedial thigh
- Cutaneous br. of obturator n. - medial thigh inferiorly
- Saphenous - longest cutaneous nerve; from femoral
- Sural cutaneous - medial & lateral - from tibial & common fibular
- Sural - formed mid-calf by union of brs. of med. & lat. sural
- Sural nerve graft - piece taken to repair nerve injured elsewhere
- Superficial fibular (peroneal) - anterior ankle & dorsum of foot
- Deep fibular (peroneal) - between 1st & 2nd toes
- Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
- Osteology
- Humerus
- Head & neck (anatomical & surgical)
- Greater & lesser tubercles; intertubercular groove
- Deltoid tuberosity
- Muscles
- Deltoid - powerful abductor, but many other actions
- Rotator cuff
- Supraspinatus - initiates abduction
- Infraspinatus - lateral rotation
- Teres minor - lateral rotation
- Subscapularis (seen later) - medial rotation
- Teres major - medial rotation, extension, adduction
- Long head of triceps brachii
- Neurovasculature
- Suprascapular n., a. & v. - Navy under, Army over transverse scapular lig.
- Axillary n. & post. circumflex humeral a. & v. - in quadrangular space
- Circumflex scapular a. & v. - in triangular space
- Scapular anastomosis - collateral circulation around joint
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