Lecture Notes - Leg & Foot

The streaming video of the 2004-5 lab overview is available on the web (password protected). The computer presentation used by Dr. Gest in lecture is available on the web (password protected). You can also download the PowerPoint presentation to print or review.

Osteology:

• Foot
  • Tarsal bones
    
  • Calcaneus
    • Tuberosity - calcaneal tendon
      
    • Sustentaculum tali - flex. hallucis longus passes beneath
  • Talus
    • Navicular
      
    • Cuboid
      
    • Cuneiforms (medial, intermediate, lateral)
  • Metatarsals
    
  • Phalanges - 2 in hallux, 3 in other toes
    
  • Subtalar joint - between talus & calcaneus
    
  • Transverse tarsal joint - talonavicular & calcaneocuboid joints
    
  • Tarsal sinus - beneath neck of talus
    
  • Arches of the foot
    • Medial longitudinal - talus, navicular, cuneiforms, medial 3 metatarsals
      
    • Lateral longitudinal - calcaneus, cuboid, lat. 2 metatarsals
      
    • Transverse - cuneiforms & cuboid

Fascia:

• Crural fascia - thickened at ankle to form retinacula
  • Extensor retinacula - superior & inferior
    
  • Fibular retinacula - superior & inferior
    
  • Flexor retinaculum (in posterior compartment)
• Plantar aponeurosis

Leg - lateral compartment:

• Muscles
  • Fibularis longus m. - tendon crosses sole of foot
    
  • Fibularis brevis m
• Blood supply
  • Fibular a. - sends branches from posterior compartment
• Nerve
  • Superficial fibular n.

Leg - anterior compartment:

• Muscles
  • Tibialis anterior
    
  • Extensor hallucis longus
    
  • Extensor digitorum longus
    
  • Fibularis tertius
• Blood supply
  • Anterior tibial a.
• Nerve
  • Deep fibular n.

Foot - dorsum:

• Muscles
  • Extensor digitorum brevis
    
  • Extensor hallucis brevis
    
  • (Extensor expansions)
• Blood supply
  • Dorsalis pedis - continuation of ant. tibial below ankle
    • Deep plantar - passes through 1st dorsal interosseous m.
• Nerve
  • Deep fibular n. - cutaneous supply of 1st web space

Foot - plantar:

• Medial (big toe) compartment
  • Abductor hallucis m.
    
  • Flexor hallucis brevis m. - on either side of long flexor tendon
    
  • Tendon of flexor hallucis longus
• Central compartment
  • Flexor digitorum brevis m. - tendons split by long flexor tendons
    
  • Quadratus plantae m. - inserts on long flexor tendons
    
  • Flexor digitorum longus tendons - pass through short fl. tendons
• Lateral compartment
  • Calcaneometatarsal ligament - lat. portion of plantar aponeurosis
    
  • Abductor digiti minimi m.
    
  • Flexor digiti minimi brevis m.
• Adductor-interosseous compartment
  • Adductor hallucis m. - oblique & transverse heads
    
  • Interosseous mm. (3 plantar & 4 dorsal)
• Blood supply
  • Medial plantar
    
  • Lateral plantar
    • Plantar arterial arch - anast. w/ deep plantar from dors. pedis
• Nerve
  • Medial plantar n. - med. 3 1/2 toes, med. compartment, fl. dig. br.
    
  • Lateral plantar n. - lat. 1 1/2 toes, lat. & add./inteross. compartment, quad. plantae

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