The information on this page is intended for general background informational purposes only. Diabetes patients should visit Health Topics A-Z and scroll down to the "Diabetes" section for the U-M's patient education handouts in accordance with clinical care guidelines.

Treatment goals for Type 1 and Type 2 diabetics

Blood sugar level

• The major goal in managing diabetes is keeping blood sugar levels as close to normal as possible.

• Routinely check your blood sugar levels and use your medication, meal planning, weight control, and exercise plans.

Blood pressure

• Know what your blood pressure is and what it should be.

• Ask your provider about treatment to lower your blood pressure if it is above your target level.

Education

• Attend a diabetes education program to learn about caring for diabetes.

• Attend a "diabetes update" once a year.

• Learn new information about diabetes on a regular basis. For example, subscribe to Diabetes Forecast or attend a support group.

Meal planning

• Learn about meal planning from a dietitian.

• Review your meal plan once a year with a dietitian.

• Use your meal plan to keep your blood sugar near normal.

Physical activity

• Develop a plan for getting regular physical activity.

• Ask your provider if your plan is safe and effective for you.

• Use your plan for regular physical activity.

Eye exam

• Have a dilated examination for diabetes eye disease by an eye care professional each year.

Foot care

• Check your feet (or have them checked) everyday.

• Call your doctor or nurse if you notice any foot problems.

• Ask your doctor or nurse to check your feet at every office visit for diabetes.

Smoking

• Do not smoke.

Annual tests

• Have the lipids, such as cholesterol, in your blood checked every year.

• Have your kidney function and urine protein (microalbumin) checked every year.

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Additional sources: National Institutes of Health and the American Diabetes Association