Broken Elbow (Olecranon Fracture)

What is a broken elbow?

A broken elbow, also called an olecranon fracture, is a break in the tip or head of the elbow joint. The bone that is broken is called the ulna. It is one of the 2 bones in the forearm.

The break may be:

• straight (also called nondisplaced)
• crooked (displaced)
• broken in many pieces (comminuted).

How does it occur?

An olecranon fracture usually results from a fall on the elbow.

What are the symptoms?

Symptoms include:

• pain, especially when you move your elbow
• trouble bending or straightening your elbow
• swelling.

How is it diagnosed?

Your healthcare provider will examine you and ask what happened when you were injured. You will have an X-ray taken.

How is it treated?

You may need to have surgery. If necessary, the surgeon will use a pin or screw to secure the bone inside.

While it heals, your arm will be in a splint or cast. You will probably need to keep your arm also in a sling to keep it from moving.

After the fracture heals, your elbow may feel stiff and you may not be able to straighten your elbow fully. Exercises will help you get back as much range of motion and strength as possible. Your provider will tell you when you can begin elbow exercises.

How long will the effects last?

Complete healing may take weeks or months, depending on the seriousness of the injury.

How can I take care of myself?

Follow your provider's instructions. In addition:

• Keep your elbow up on pillows whenever possible to reduce swelling.
• Use ice packs on your elbow for 20 to 30 minutes 3 to 4 times a day until the pain and swelling go away.

How can I prevent a broken elbow?

Many elbow injuries are caused by falls or blows that cannot be prevented. Be careful when walking or exercising.