Dry Skin

What causes dry skin?

Skin protects itself by producing natural oils from oil glands. Soaps remove these oils, which makes the skin drier. Heat also causes the skin to lose moisture. Dry skin may be a symptom of illness or a side effect of medicine. It is a common problem in older people because of changes in the skin, such as loss of sweat glands and oil glands. Certain fabrics (such as wool), antiperspirants, perfumes, soaps, and hot baths can further irritate dry skin.

What are the symptoms?

The symptoms of dry skin include:

• itching
• flaking
• peeling
• scaling.

These changes can cause you to scratch, which can result in long-term skin irritation or infection. You may have an infection if your skin is red, swollen, painful, or warm.

What should I do about dry skin?

Because dry skin may be a symptom of illness, you should seek advice from a health care provider. Your provider may do some tests or may refer you to a dermatologist, a doctor who specializes in skin problems.

For mild symptoms:

• Use moisturizers and lotions regularly. Always use lotions after washing your hands or bathing. Lotions containing lanolin (a natural oil) and no fragrances are less expensive and most effective.
• Avoid wearing rough fabrics, such as wool.
• Always shower or bathe right away after getting out of a pool or spa that has chlorine in it.
• When you bathe:
  • Use a moisturizing soap.
  • Add bath oil to your bath water.
  • Bathe less often. Consider bathing just 1 or 2 times a week to decrease skin dryness. Take sponge baths as needed to maintain cleanliness.
  • Pat your skin dry with a soft towel. Do not rub your skin dry.
  • Apply moisturizer to moist skin after patting dry.
  • Do not use hot water. Use only warm water and do not regularly soak in a hot tub.
• Use a humidifier. Raise the humidity level in your home, especially in the winter.
• Protect your hands with gloves when you wash dishes, garden, or do chores.